What case clarified the application of eminent domain in regard to public benefit?

Kelo v. City of New London is the case that clarified the application of eminent domain concerning public benefit. In this landmark decision, the Supreme Court ruled that the government could exercise the power of eminent domain to take private property for public use, specifically when the property would be redeveloped for economic development purposes. The Court found that promoting economic revitalization qualifies as a legitimate public purpose under the Fifth Amendment's Takings Clause.

This ruling reinforced the notion that "public use" could extend beyond traditional definitions, which often included parks, roads, or other infrastructure, to encompass broader economic development strategies. The decision was met with significant public debate and concern over governmental power and property rights, underscoring its impact on how eminent domain is applied across the United States. The other choices listed relate to different legal issues that do not focus on eminent domain or public benefit in the same context.