Which method confirms personal jurisdiction over parties in a legal case?

The method that confirms personal jurisdiction over parties in a legal case is the summons and service of process. When a court seeks to establish personal jurisdiction, it must notify the defendants about the legal action being initiated against them. This is achieved through a summons, which is a legal document issued by the court that notifies the defendant of the suit and compels them to respond.

Once the summons is issued, service of process involves delivering this document to the defendant in a manner prescribed by law. Effective service ensures that the court has authority over the parties involved, as it provides them with formal notice of the proceedings. This is fundamental to the concepts of due process in legal proceedings, ensuring that individuals have the opportunity to defend themselves.

The other methods listed do not confirm personal jurisdiction. Evidence collection during a trial pertains to presenting proof and supporting facts rather than establishing jurisdiction. Legal representation confirmations relate to the parties' rights to have legal counsel but do not address whether the court has authority over the parties involved. Witness testimony is relevant during trial proceedings but does not affect the preliminary determination of personal jurisdiction.