Which philosophy emphasizes interpreting the Constitution according to the intentions of its framers?

The correct answer is based on the philosophy known as originalism, which asserts that the Constitution should be interpreted based on the original intentions and understandings of its framers at the time of its drafting. Originalists focus on the historical context, the language chosen, and the purposes behind the Constitution's provisions, believing that this approach provides clarity and stability in constitutional interpretation. This methodology contrasts with more flexible interpretative approaches that allow for broader interpretations not necessarily tied to the framers' intents.

In originalism, the idea is that the framers had specific meanings and goals when crafting the text, and understanding those is crucial for applying the Constitution in contemporary legal contexts. This philosophy is grounded in a belief that constitutional law should remain consistent with the vision held by those who originally created it, thus preserving the foundational principles laid out in the document.

This philosophy contrasts with other approaches, such as constitutional relativity, which suggests that the meaning of the Constitution can evolve over time, adapting to the changing values and societal norms. Similarly, pragmatism emphasizes practical outcomes and effects of legal interpretations, rather than original meanings, while interpretivism generally advocates a more flexible approach to interpretation that can involve contemporary understandings and implications.